robmorgan started this topic @ 10:30 on 19/04/2004
Hi all,
I've been running a small web-based business for a couple of months now, and I'd really appreciate some advice on how best to keep the books.
I can't afford an accountant just yet (I don't think - how much do they cost anyway?!) and besides, I think it'd be good for me to get a basic understanding of how the numbers work.
I looked into a couple of accounting packages, including MYOB, Quick Books and Sage, but found them to be a bit overkill for my needs.
I figure I could probably keep track of everything using Excel, or perhaps a simple Access database. After all, I really only need something to log my ingoings and outgoings. What do you think? Am I missing something?
The other thing I need to think about is tax. I've registered with the IR as a sole trader. So, as I understand it, as I currently earn £28k from my day job, I'll be taxed at 22% on the next £3400, and 40% on anything above that, correct?
Now, I gather I'll only pay tax on the income remaining after I've subtracted my allowable expenses (i.e. hosting, advertising).
However, as it's not all that clear at this stage what is an allowable expense and what is not, and I don't want to fall short at the end of the year, would it be a good idea to set aside 22% of the first £3400 I bring in, and 40% of anything above that? i.e. stick it in another account? That way at the end of the year, I'll have more than enough to foot the tax bill.
Good idea?
Thanks in advance,
Rob
RE: Book-keeping
James Smith | 19/04/2004 12:28 PM
Rob,
You can simply keep a list in excel if its a pretty straight forward business.
You are broadly correct on a tax front as to how it works out, although their may be some NI on the first £3400, so you should allow 33% and then 41%.
If you keep back a simple 40% of your revenue you should have plenty of reserves to pay the bill.
In terms of timing, if you have started to trade in this tax year (ie from 5th April 2004), you first tax bill will be 31st Jan 2006, which will be equivalent to your full amount due, plus 50% as a payment on account for the tax year 2005/6. Ie you will pay 1.5 times you tax at this point.
I note in the other post re VAT, you are going to register - this may mean using one of the packages is a bit easier as they normally work out your VAT returns for you, but they are probably overkill as you say for a part time service business.
If you want to get an idea of fees, my site www.uktaxshop.co.uk has some example fixed fees listed.
Regards,
James Smith
Chartered Accountant
[url]www.jamesesmith.co.uk[/url]
[url]www.uktaxshop.co.uk [/url]
01284 764436
------------------------
James Smith
Chartered Accountant
www.jamesesmith.co.uk
01235 536 773
---------------------------
Your indispensable guide to Small Business Bookkeeping, Self-Assessment & VAT
RE: Book-keeping
Barr | 19/04/2004 12:30 PM
I would suggest that you use an excel spreadsheet and then create a pivot table at the year end to summarise your figures.
The tax figure is correct but you also need to take account of the Class 4 National Insurance which you will have to pay on your profits. Currently 8% on profits between £4,745 - £31,720 and then 1% on profits over £31,720.
It is a very good practice to setup a new account to hold money in to prepare for your tax bill and better still if you calculate your tax bill as quickly after the end of the tax year as possible.
Don't forget you will also need to save tax money for the payments on account for the tax bill for the following tax year.
Barr Stevenson
Chartered Accountant
http:/www.our-accountants.co.uk
------------------------
Barr Stevenson
Chartered Accountant
http:/www.jsaccountants.co.uk
RE: Book-keeping
robmorgan | 19/04/2004 12:56 PM
James and Barr, thanks for your advice, very useful. All is now crystal clear except for this matter of timing.
I began trading on 1st Jan 2004. So, will my first tax bill be 31st Jan 2005? Could you explain what is meant by "payment on account", is it some kind of advance payment?
Thanks again,
Rob
RE: Book-keeping
Barr | 19/04/2004 01:02 PM
You should do accounts from 1st January 2004 to 5th April 2004 initially. You will then need to pay the tax on these profits on the 31st January 2005. Say £2,000. Then you will also need to make payments upfront for the year 6th April 2004 to 5th April 2005 on the 31st January 2005 and the 31st July 2005.
They work out the payments on account as 50% of your tax payment for the previous year (£2000 in this example) so you will also need to pay £1000 on the 31st Jan and £1000 on the 31st July.
Barr Stevenson
Chartered Accountant
http:/www.our-accountants.co.uk
------------------------
Barr Stevenson
Chartered Accountant
http:/www.jsaccountants.co.uk
RE: Book-keeping
robmorgan | 19/04/2004 01:18 PM
I think I understand!
So, having done my accounts for 1st Jan 2004 to 5th April 2004, I then get into the routine of paying my tax up front, every six months.
Then, presumably, at the end of the tax year I settle up, i.e. if more tax is due, I pay the tax man, if I've overpaid, the tax man pays me.
Correct?
Thanks,
Rob
RE: Book-keeping
Barr | 19/04/2004 01:42 PM
correct you settle up each year on the 31st jan each year
Barr Stevenson
Chartered Accountant
http:/www.our-accountants.co.uk
------------------------
Barr Stevenson
Chartered Accountant
http:/www.jsaccountants.co.uk
RE: Book-keeping
robmorgan | 19/04/2004 01:49 PM
Got it. Thanks for your help.
Rob